Internal-combustion engine.



T. I. STURTEVANT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUGJS, I9I4.

Patented Dec. 21, '1915.

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lllhlllitlld@ STATE@ PTENT @Fkllmm THOMAS JOSEPH STURTEVANT, OFVJ'ELLESLEY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR I'L)` STRTE'VANT MLL CMPANY,CORERATION 0F MAINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 21, 19515.

Application .tiled August 13, 1914.-. Serial No. 856,598.

'o ,ZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, 'lHoMas J. Srunrn- VANT, a citizen of theUnitedStates, residing at llellesley, in the county of Norfolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented or discovered certain new and usefullmproifements in internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following isa specification, reference being had therein to the accompanyingdrawing.`

'l'his invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has for itsobject to siniplify and lighten the engine by providing jacketed orwater-cooled cylinder heads (in which the valves are mounted) of suchconstruction as to afford inlet and exhaust pas sages 'within orintegral with said heads,

thereby affording compactness in the arrangement of the parts andenabling the conduits to be properly cooled. llVhen the invention isembodied in multiple cylinder engines the conduits, formed integral withthe heads will form sectional pipes.

ln the accompanying drawing Figure l is a sectional elevation showingpart of the engine embodying` the present invention. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section on line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical section online 8 8, Fig. 1 and Fig. e is a section through the cylinder head online lf-ii, Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawing, 12 denotes the upper portion of a water boX ofaniintcrnal combustion engine, and in which water boX the cylinders 18are mounted. These cylinders are preferably formed separate from thewater box, so as to be removable there from, but may,if desired, be castintegral with the boX, as is a well known construction. Suitablyattached to the water bon 12 are the jacketed or water-cooledcylinderheads 14, said cylinder heads being provided, as usual, withopenings 15 for the inlet and exhaust valves. rlhe chambers of theseacketed cylinder heads, through which water will be caused to circulateto cool the valves and other parts, preferably communicate with thechamber of the water box 12 by means of vertical pipes or passages 16,so that the water may flow from the chamber of the water box to thechambers of the jacketed heads, from which it will pass through thedischarge pipes 17.

ln accordance with the present invention the cylinder heads 14 areformed with pipes or passageways 18 preferably arranged on oppositesides of Said. heads and preferably cast integral with said heads; thesaid pipes or passageways communicating with the in let and exhaustopenings in the cylinder head or heads, and serving as sectional inletand exhaust conduits. rlChe inlet and exhaust valve openings 15 arearranged between the parallel inlet and exhaust pipes or passageway/'S18.

rlhe cylinder heads 14 are bolted orotherwise suitably secured to thewater boX l2 in close Contact with each other; and, to provide tightjoints between the parts of the sectional conduits alforded by thepassageways 18, the cylinder heads are preferably provided with annularrecesses 19 at the ends of said pipes or passageways 18, and in whichrecesses `packing' gaskets 2U are received. Mounted in the cylinderheads, in register with `the packing gaskets 20, are gasket nuts 2lhaving polygonal internal walls for the reception of a rod wrench havinga polygonal head and by which said nuts may be screwed tightly againstthe said packing gaskets 20, to form tight joints. rEhe conduits 18 areclosed at one end by removable covers 22 which are screwed or otherwisesuitably mounted in place after the gasket nuts have been screwedtightly against the gaskets.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the invention simplifiesand renders compact the engine construction in that the fuel inlet andexhaust pipes or passageways are formed within the cylinder heads; andit will also be apparent that, by means of the packing gaskets andgasket nuts described, tight joints are afforded between the partscomposing the sectional pipes or passageways in the several cylinderheads of a multiple cylinder engine.

lt will be understood that the invention may be applied to an enginehaving any desired number' of cylinders, and it will also be understoodthat the invention is not limited to the details of construction hereinshown and described, as such details may be varied widely, within thelimits of mechanicaly skill, without departing from the scope of theinvention.

llVhile the invention is more particularly intended for use in multiplecylinder engines, it may also be embodied in single cylinder engines, aswill be obvious.

Having thus described my invention l claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent: 1.111 a multiple-cylinder internal combus tion engine,the combination with a water box and cylinders therein, of abuttedwaterjacketed cylinder-heads formed separate from and removably mountedon said box and provided with valve openings and with internal pipes orpassageways communicating with said valve openings, and means forforming tight joints between the parts of the sectional conduitsaiiorded by said internal pipes or passageways.

2. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a water box and cylinders therein, of abutting waterjacketed`cylinder-heads formed separate from and removably mounted on said boxand provided with valve openings and with parallel internal pipes orpassageways communicating with said valve openings, and means forforming tight joints between the parts ,ofthe sectional conduitsafforded by said' internal pipes or passageways, said means comprisingrecesses in said cylinder heads, packing gaskets insaid recesses, andgasket nuts registering with said gaskets.

3. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a water box and cylinders therein, of abutting cylinder headsremovably mounted on said box and each containing an internal inletpassage or fuel and an exhaust passage, said passages being parallel toeach other and arranged on opposite sides oi' said head, and means forforming gas-tight joints between the sections of thesectional conduitsafforded by said passages, so as to aiiord tight continuous inlet andexhaust passages or pipes throughout the length oi' the engine withinsaid heads.

4. In a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a water box and cylinders therein, of jacketed cylinder heads eachcontaining an internal inlet passage for fuel and an exhaust passage,said passages being arranged on opposite sides of said heads, and meansJfor forming Waterand gas-tight joints between the sections of thesectional conduits aiorded by said passages, so as to aord tightcontinuous, inlet and exhaust passages or pipes throughout thelength ofthe engine within said heads, said means comprising recesses in saidcylinder heads, packing gaskets in said recesses, and gasket nutsregistering with said gaskets.

5. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, vthe combinationwith a water box and a plurality of cylinders therein, of abutting waterjacketed cylinder heads removably attached to said water box and eachhaving parallel gas conduits and inlet and exhaust passages formedintegral therewith, said passages being between said conduits, apassageway leading from one oi said conduits to the said inlet passage,a passageway from the said exhaust passage to the other of saidconduits, means for connecting the said gas conduits of adjacentcylinders so as to form continuous gas tight par-.llel conduits throughsaid cylinder heads, and a series of water conduits between said waterbox and said cylinder heads, whereby said heads and their parts may becooled by jets of water forced from said box into said acketed heads,said heads being each provided with a water exit or discharge passage.

6. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a water box carrying a plurality of cylinders and removablecylinder heads, the latter haring parallel longitudinal gas conduitseast integral therewith, and inlet and exhaust valve openings betweensaid conduits, said inlet opening being connected by a passageway withone of said conduits, and the said exhaust valve opening being connectedwith the other oi' said conduits, and each of said cylinder heads havingrecessed parts so that a gas tight connection may be made between theends of the gas conduits of adjacent cyl.- inder heads, so as to iormcontinuous longitudinal passageways through a plurality oi: said heads,and said heads having water jackets directly communicating with the saidwater box to receive cooling water therefrom to cool the head parts.

7. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, the combinationoi" a water box containing a plurality ot cylinders, a series ofadjacent, recessed, removable, jucketed heads for said cylinders, eachot said heads being connected by conduits with said box to receivecooling water therefrom, each jacketed head having a water dischargepassage, each of said heads containing two parallel gas conduits castintegral therewith and arranged to aline with like passages in otherheads, each head conduit having an inlet valve opening and an exhaustvalve opening between its parallel gas conduits and having also a gaspassageway leading from one of said conduits adapted to deliver gas insaid inlet valve opening and another gas passageway adapted to lead gasfrom said exhaust valve to the other conduit, and means whereby agas-tight connection may be made between the gas conduits oi adjacentheads to form continuous passageways longitudinally of said engine.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses:

L. II. S'rUn'rnvAn'r, W. (I. ELLIS.

Copies 0f this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. C.

